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journalArticle Ghais Saif Al Bhardwaj Vibha Kumbhar Pramod Sub lethal effect of antifouling paints on marine organism Antifouling paints containing tributyltin (TBT) began in the late 1980s. Although it still may be available in some parts of the world, antifouling paints containing TBT were ultimately banned in 2008. Copper began to become a concern in California in the 1990s. Copper has been used in antifouling paints for centuries because it is effective, available, and relatively inexpensive compared to other biocides. However, excessive concentrations of copper in aquatic ecosystems can exert detrimental effect on marine life such as fish. 6 en Zotero